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Ｚ| LESSON 22 Ｎ−Ａ転換子（V-N CVT)：to/-ing など | 【新出文法用語】 | ||
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22-1 Ｖ−Ｎ転換子（V-N CVT）:to To watch wild birds is my hobby. | ［Ｖ−Ｎ転換子（V-N CVT）:to］ | ||
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22-2 ダミ−の it It is not always good to talk frankly. | ［ダミ−の it］(dummy it) | ||
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22-3 to + 動詞(Ｖ)の複合拡充形 ⇒ Ｎの場合：to have Ven, not to V など The poor hate to be pitied by the rich. | |||
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22-4 Ｖ−Ｎ転換子(V-N CVT）:how to, where to など how to make a fire/where to go/... | ［Ｖ−Ｎ転換子(V-N CVT）:how to］ | ||
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22-5 for＋Ｎ ⇒ Ａ It is very hard for a high school dropout to get a job. | |||
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22-6 VZ ＋φ + N + toＶ I want φ you to come back soon. | |||
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22-7 VZ ＋φ + N + φ + Ｖ I made φ him φ go. | |||
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22-8 Ｖ−Ｎ転換子(V-N CVT）：-ing I like watching wild birds. | ［Ｖ−Ｎ転換子(V-N CVT）：-ing］ | ||
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22-9 紛らわしい２つのＶing形(i) My hobby is collecting stamps. My brother is collecting stamps. | |||
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22-10 -ing + 動詞(Ｖ)の複合拡充形 ⇒ Ｎの場合：being Ｖen, having Ｖen など I knew for the first time the happiness of loving and being loved. | |||
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22-11 Ｎ＋ -'s ⇒ Ａ I'm proud of my son's attending a good school. I'm proud of φ attending a good school. | |||
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22-12 Ｎ's Ｖing vs Ｎ Ｖing I don't mind John's/John smoking in my room. | |||
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22-13 名詞(Ｎ)的用法の to Ｖ と Ｖing | |||
| LESSON 23 Ｖ−ＡＤ転換子（V-AD CVT）:to/-ing など | 【新出文法用語】 | ||
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23-1 Ｖ−ＡＤ転換子（V-AD CVT）: to We went to 7-eleven to buy some ice cream. | ［Ｖ−ＡＤ転換子（V-AD CVT）: to］ | ||
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23-2 Ｖ−ＡＤ転換子（V-AD CVT） to の意味 目的、原因・理由、判断の根拠、結果、条件 | |||
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23-3 to + 動詞(Ｖ)の複合拡充形 ⇒ ＡＤの場合：to have Ｖen, not to Ｖ など What did you do to be hated like that? | |||
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23-4 for＋ Ｎ ⇒ ＡＤ She opened the door for him to get out. | |||
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23-5 Ｖ−ＡＤ転換子（V-AD CVT）: -ing Seeing him, she ran away. | ［Ｖ−ＡＤ転換子（V-AD CVT）: -ing］ | ||
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23-6 Ｖ−ＡＤ転換子（V-AD CVT） -ing の意味 付帯状況、時、理由、条件、譲歩 | |||
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23-7 -ing + 動詞(Ｖ)の複合拡充形 ⇒ ＡＤ の場合：being Ｖen, having Ｖen など (Being) Written in simple English, the book is easy to read. | |||
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23-8 (with)Ｎ＋Ｖing (With) Mary being away at school, I don't have to stay at home. | |||
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23-9 名詞（Ｎ）の there There being a fork in the road, we lost the way. | |||
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23-10 when/while Ｖing When hunting, a snake is very careful. | |||
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23-11 副詞(ＡＤ)的用法の to Ｖ と Ｖing | |||
| LESSON 24 Ｖ−Ａ転換子（V-A CVT):to/-ing | 【新出文法用語】 | ||
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24-1 Ｖ−Ａ転換子（V-A CVT)：to John has a large family to look after him. John has a large family to look after φ. | ［Ｖ−Ａ転換子（V-A CVT)：to］ | ||
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24-2 to + 動詞（Ｖ）の複合拡充形 ⇒ Ａの場合：to be Ｖing など The patient seems to be getting better. | |||
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24-3 for＋Ｎ ⇒ ＡＤ a lot of books for children to read φ | |||
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24-4 Ｖ−Ａ転換子（V-A CVT)：-ing the baby sleeping in the cradle | ［Ｖ−Ａ転換子（V-A CVT)：-ing］ | ||
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24-5 紛らわしい２つのＶing形(ii) sleeping BABY vs SLEEPING car | |||
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24-6 Ａ用法の(being) Ｖen three days left | |||
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24-7 形容詞（Ａ）的用法の to Ｖ と Ｖing | |||
| LESSON 25 Ｓ−Ｎ転換子（S-N CVT]): that/if など | 【新出文法用語】 | ||
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25-1 Ｓ−Ｎ転換子（S-N CVT): that I know that Bill told a lie. | ［Ｓ−Ｎ転換子（S-N CVT):that］ ［名詞(Ｎ)節］(noun clause) | ||
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25-2 that節のＮっぽさ | ［名詞(Ｎ)っぽさ］(nouniness) | ||
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25-3 thatの省略：構造の再分析 John told a lie, I think. | ［構造の再分析］(reanalysis) | ||
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25-4 Ｓ−Ｎ転換子（S-N CVT)：if/whether John wonders if/whether Mary told a lie. | ［Ｓ−Ｎ転換子（S-N CVT)：if/whether］ | ||
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25-5 that節 vs if節 John wonders that/if Mary told a lie. | ［名詞化］(nominalization) | ||
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25-6 Ｓ−Ｎ転換子（S-N CVT)：whereなど I don't know where John lives. | ［Ｓ−Ｎ転換子（S-N CVT)：where］ | ||
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25-7 EPD? CVT? I don't know where John lives. Where does John live? | |||
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25-8 {WH感嘆}のＳ−Ｎ転換子(S-N CVT)：how/what ... how fast she can run. ... what a good time I had at your party. | |||
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25-9 ダミーの it...that/whether/WH節 It is a miracle that he is safe. | |||
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25-10 まとめ：Ｓ−Ｎ転換子（S-N CVT) I wonder that the girl loves a frog. I wonder if the girl loves a frog. I wonder why the girl loves a frog φ. | |||
| LESSON 26 Ｓ−ＡＤ転換子(S-AD CVT): becauseなど | 【新出文法用語】 | ||
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26-1 Ｓ−ＡＤ転換子(S-AD CVT): because Because I overslept, I missed the train. | ［Ｓ−ＡＤ転換子(S-AD CVT):because］ ［副詞(ＡＤ）節］(adverbial clause) | ||
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26-2 その他のＳ−ＡＤ転換子(S-AD CVT) : after, when など after, as, before, if, since, though, when, while, until, once など | |||
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26-3 Ｓ−ＡＤ転換子(S-AD CVT) と Ｎ−ＡＤ転換子(N-AD CVT) since she retired vs since her retirement | |||
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26-4 Ｓ−ＡＤ転換子(S-AD CVT) のif とＳ−Ｎ転換子(S-N CVT) の if If he comes back, I'll tell you. I wonder if he will come back. | |||
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26-5 かたまり転換子と飛び石転換子 the moment, so ... that | ［かたまり転換子］(chunk convertor) ［飛び石転換子］(stepping-stone convertor) | ||
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26-6 Ｓ拡充子{非現実}(subjunctive): SUBJ If I were you, I wouldn't do that. | ［条件のif］(conditional if) ［非現実のif］(subjunctive if) ［Ｓ拡充子{非現実}：SUBJ］ | ||
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26-7 過去の{非現実} If we had had a good map, we could have found a shortcut easily. | |||
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26-8 名詞（Ｎ）節、形容詞（Ａ）節の中の SUBJ I wish I were a bird. She looked as if she had seen a ghost or something. | |||
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26-9 語や句を作用域とする SUBJ Without your help, I could not do it. Without your help, I could not have done it. | |||
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26-10 倒置による if の省略 Were it not for the sun, nothing could live. | |||
| LESSON 27 Ｓ−Ａ転換子(CVT[S-A]): that/which/who(m) など | 【新出文法用語】 | ||
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27-1 Ｓ−Ａ転換子(S-A CVT): that The fish that φ was caught by John was big. | ［Ｓ−Ａ転換子(S-A CVT):that］ | ||
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27-2 空所(φ) The fish that John caught φ was big. | ［形容詞（Ａ）節］(adjective clause) | ||
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27-3 その他のＳ−Ａ転換子(S-A CVT): which, who, など | |||
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27-4 制限的用法(restrictive) vs 非制限的用法(non-restrictive) The fish which John caught was big. The fish, which John caught, was big. | ［制限的用法］(restrictive) ［非制限的用法］(non-restrictive) | ||
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27-5 Ｓ−Ａ転換子(S-A CVT)の省略 The pizza φ the boy delivered was cold. | |||
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27-6 the thing which → what I gave him what/the thing which I bought in Mexico. | ［言い換え表現］(variant form) | ||
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27-7 in which/that...to → when/where There are occasions when/in which we feel like cutting classes. | |||
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27-8 総まとめ：２種類の拡充と２種類の転換 <I>Ｖの拡充、<II>Ｓの拡充、<III>Ｖの転換、<IV>Ｓの 転換 | |||
| 参考文献一覧 (BIBLIOGRAPHY) |