Ｙ| 第二十二课 V－N转换子（V-N CVT)：to/-ing 等 | 【新出语法用语】 | ||
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22-1 Ｖ－Ｎ转换子（V-N CVT）:to To watch wild birds is my hobby. | ［Ｖ－Ｎ转换子（V-N CVT）:to］ | ||
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22-2 形式语 it It is not always good to talk frankly. | ［形式语 it］(dummy it) | ||
22-3 to + 动词(Ｖ)的复杂扩充形  Ｎ的场合：to have Ven, not to V，等 The poor hate to be pitied by the rich. | |||
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22-4 Ｖ－Ｎ转换子 (V-N CVT）:how to, 等 how to make a fire/where to go/... | ［Ｖ－Ｎ转换子(V-N CVT）:how to］ | ||
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22-5 for＋Ｎ Ａ It is very hard for a high school dropout to get a job. | |||
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22-6 VZ ＋ø + N + toＶ I want ø you to come back soon. | |||
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22-7 VZ ＋ø + N + ø + Ｖ I made ø him ø go. | |||
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22-8 Ｖ－Ｎ转换子(V-N CVT）：-ing I like watching wild birds. | ［Ｖ－Ｎ转换子(V-N CVT）：-ing］ | ||
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22-9 不明确的Ｖing形(i) My hobby is collecting stamps. My brother is collecting stamps. | |||
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22-10 -ing + 动词(Ｖ)的复杂扩充形 Ｎ的场合：being Ｖen, having Ｖen， 等 I knew for the first time the happiness of loving and being loved. | |||
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22-11 Ｎ＋ -'s Ａ I'm proud of my son's attending a good school. I'm proud of ø attending a good school. | |||
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22-12 Ｎ's Ｖing 与 Ｎ Ｖing I don't mind John's/John smoking in my room. | |||
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22-13 to + V N 与 V + -ing N | |||
| 第二十三课 Ｖ－ＡＤ转换子（V-AD CVT）:to/-ing 等 | 【新出语法用语】 | ||
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23-1 Ｖ－ＡＤ转换子（V-AD CVT）: to We went to 7-eleven to buy some ice cream. | ［Ｖ－ＡＤ转换子（V-AD CVT）: to］ | ||
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23-2 Ｖ－ＡＤ转换子（V-AD CVT） to 的含义 目的、原因、判断的依据、结果、条件 | |||
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23-3 to + 动词(Ｖ)的复杂扩充形 ＡＤ的场合：to have Ｖen, not to Ｖ， 等 What did you do to be hated like that? | |||
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23-4 for＋ Ｎ ＡＤ She opened the door for him to get out. | |||
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23-5 Ｖ－ＡＤ转换子（V-AD CVT）: -ing Seeing him, she ran away. | ［Ｖ－ＡＤ转换子（V-AD CVT）: -ing］ | ||
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23-6 Ｖ－ＡＤ转换子（V-AD CVT） -ing 的含义 伴随状态、时间、理由、条件、让步 | |||
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23-7 -ing + 动词(Ｖ)的复杂扩充形 ＡＤ的场合：being Ｖen, having Ｖen, 等 (Being) Written in simple English, the book is easy to read. | |||
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23-8 (with)Ｎ＋Ｖing (With) Mary being away at school, I don't have to stay at home. | |||
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23-9 作为名词（Ｎ）的 there There being a fork in the road, we lost the way. | |||
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23-10 when/while Ｖing When hunting, a snake is very careful. | |||
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23-11 to + V AD 与 V + -ing AD | |||
| 第二十四课 Ｖ－Ａ转换子（V-A CVT):to/-ing | 【新出语法用语】 | ||
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24-1 Ｖ－Ａ转换子（V-A CVT)：to John has a large family to look after him. John has a large family to look after ø. | ［Ｖ－Ａ转换子（V-A CVT)：to］ | ||
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24-2 to + 动词（Ｖ）的复杂扩充形 Ａ的场合：to be Ｖing， to have Ven,等 The patient seems to be getting better. | |||
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24-3 for＋Ｎ ＡＤ a lot of books for children to read ø | |||
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24-4 Ｖ－Ａ转换子（V-A CVT)：-ing the baby sleeping in the cradle | ［Ｖ－Ａ转换子（V-A CVT)：-ing］ | ||
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24-5 不明确的Ｖing形(ii) sleeping BABY 与 SLEEPING car | |||
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24-6 (being) Ｖen ：A three days left | |||
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24-7 to + V A 与 V + -ing A | |||
| 第二十五课 Ｓ－Ｎ转换子（S-N CVT): that/if 等 | 【新出语法用语】 | ||
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25-1 Ｓ－Ｎ转换子（S-N CVT): that/if等 I know that Bill told a lie. | ［Ｓ－Ｎ转换子（S-N CVT):that］ ［名词(Ｎ)从句］(noun clause) | ||
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25-2 that从句的Ｎ性 | ［名词(Ｎ)性］(nouniness) | ||
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25-3 that的省略：构造的再分析 John told a lie, I think. | ［构造的再分析］(reanalysis) | ||
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25-4 Ｓ－Ｎ转换子（S-N CVT)：if/whether John wonders if/whether Mary told a lie. | ［Ｓ－Ｎ转换子（S-N CVT)：if/whether］ | ||
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25-5 that从句 与 if从句 John wonders that/if Mary told a lie. | ［名词化］(nominalization) | ||
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25-6 Ｓ－Ｎ转换子（S-N CVT)：where等 I don't know where John lives. | ［Ｓ－Ｎ转换子（S-N CVT)：where］ | ||
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25-7 EPD? CVT? I don't know where John lives. Where does John live? | |||
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25-8 {WH感叹}的Ｓ－Ｎ转换子(S-N CVT)：how/what ... how fast she can run. ... what a good time I had at your party. | |||
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25-9 形式语 it...that/whether/WH从句 It is a miracle that he is safe. | |||
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25-10 总结：Ｓ－Ｎ转换子（S-N CVT) I wonder that the girl loves a frog. I wonder if the girl loves a frog. I wonder why the girl loves a frog ø. | |||
| 第二十六课 Ｓ－ＡＤ转换子(S-AD CVT): because等 | 【新出语法用语】 | ||
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26-1 Ｓ－ＡＤ转换子(S-AD CVT): because Because I overslept, I missed the train. | ［Ｓ－ＡＤ转换子(S-AD CVT):because］ ［副词(ＡＤ）从句］(adverbial clause) | ||
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26-2 其它的Ｓ－ＡＤ埸zp子(S-AD CVT) : after, when，等 after, as, before, if, since, though, when, while, until, once 等 | |||
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26-3 Ｓ－ＡＤ转换子 与 Ｎ－ＡＤ转换子 since she retired 与 since her retirement | |||
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26-4 "if"(S--AD CVT) 与 "if"(S--N CVT) If he comes back, I'll tell you. I wonder if he will come back. | |||
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26-5 大块转换子 与 石阶式转换子 the moment, so ... that | ［大块转换子］(chunk convertor) ［石阶式转换子］(stepping-stone convertor) | ||
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26-6 Ｓ扩充子{虚拟}(subjunctive): SUBJ If I were you, I wouldn't do that. | ［条件的if］(conditional if) ［虚拟的if］ (subjunctive if) ［Ｓ扩充子{虚拟}：SUBJ］ | ||
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26-7 过去的{虚拟} If we had had a good map, we could have found a shortcut easily. | |||
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26-8 Ｎ/Ａ从句中的 SUBJ I wish I were a bird. She looked as if she had seen a ghost or something. | |||
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26-9 SUBJ + 短语 Without your help, I could not do it. Without your help, I could not have done it. | |||
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26-10 倒置（Inversion）= 省略 "if" Were it not for the sun, nothing could live. | |||
| 第二十七课 Ｓ－Ａ转换子(S-A CVT): that/which/who(m) 等 | 【新出语法用语】 | ||
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27-1 Ｓ－Ａ转换子(S-A CVT): that The fish that ø was caught by John was big. | ［Ｓ－Ａ转换子(S-A CVT):that］ | ||
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27-2 空格(ø) The fish that John caught ø was big. | ［形容词（Ａ）从句］(adjective clause) | ||
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27-3 其它的Ｓ－Ａ转换子(S-A CVT): which, who, 等 | |||
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27-4 制限性的用法(restrictive) 与 非制限性的用法(non-restrictive) The fish which John caught was big. The fish, which John caught, was big. | ［制限性的用法］(restrictive) ［非制限性的用法］(non-restrictive) | ||
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27-5 Ｓ－Ａ转换子(S-A CVT)的省略 The pizza ø the boy delivered was cold. | |||
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27-6 the thing which → what I gave him what/the thing which I bought in Mexico. | ［变形］(variant form) | ||
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27-7 in which/that...to → when/where There are occasions when/in which we feel like cutting classes. | |||
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27-8 大总结 <I> Ｖ的扩充、<II> Ｓ的扩充、<III> Ｖ的转换、<IV> Ｓ的 转换 | |||
| 参考文献一览 (BIBLIOGRAPHY) |